Yes, there are and their number is growing. Android.SmsSend Trojan horses that emerged as early as in 2010 are the most common threats to the OS. They are designed to send SMS messages at premium numbers and sign up subscribers to various services.
Mobile banking Trojans are designed to intercept SMS messages, steal mTAN-codes and pass them to criminals who perform various financial transactions with accounts of unsuspecting victims (for example, make online purchases) pose an extreme danger. Android.SpyEye.1 is a banking Trojan for Android OS.
Such malware as Android.MailSteal.1.origin, Android.Maxbet.1.origin, Android.Loozfon.origin and Android.EmailSpy.origin. steal e-mail addresses from devices' address books and send them to a remote server, so that attackers can carry out spam mailings.